This is something I had wanted to write about for a long time, but I’m glad I postponed it because now I think I have a clearer picture about it.
First of all, for those who watch anime, how many animes out there feature drugs? I’m not by a long chalk someone with that much experience, but out of the probably more than 70 shows that I’ve watched so far, I only remember one brief glimpse in Clannad, when implying that Yoshino Yuusuke, the ex-rock star, had been taking drugs during his fall.
In this entry it might become clear I’m not in favor of drugs, but since this isn’t about whether they are good or bad, it should be OK. This is rather, about whether teaching kids about drugs, sex, etc., actually accomplishes what those who favor such education say will accomplish or rather if it works the other way around and has the opposite effect.
But let’s begin with the anime thingy. Anime seems to hardly ever mention drugs. Alcohol can be esaily present, and sexual themes of all kinds, even in shows for young kids, are quite usual. I mean, they don’t seem to shy away from this stuff, from pantsu/breasts to all sorts of fetishes, the list not being by any means complete, rape, tentacle rape, loli, bondage, incest, etc, etc.
Ok, but to drugs. Why are they not present? It’s funny to find out that Japan is one of the first world countries with the lowest drug abuse in the world, although it obviously exists, and some say it’s increasing but it’s still lower than any country in Europe or in the US.
At the same, time, we find that the media seem not to protray it with such profusion as it is here.
The first logical conclusion is, since the drug abuse in Japan is low, it’s not such an important part of reality as it is here in the West (notice, from now on, West will mean the US and Europe). That is, a production such as anime usually will reflect its reality. That’s why there are, obviously, no bunkasai in your typical American movie for teenagers but no high-school anime (that is, 90% of them) can, I think, go by without the compulsory bunkasai, as it can’t do without its compulsory beach/onsen scene.
However, does fiction just reflect reality? Apart from the fact that science fiction doesn’t (although it’s greatly influenced by its background, undoubtedly), rather than reality being reflected, the culture is reflected, including myths, prejudices, etc. For example, in both the West and Japan, probably in the whole world, it is believed that cold weather causes colds, so it’s represented as such in all kinds of movies, books, etc. However, scientifically speaking, cold weather causes, as it’s obvious, no viral diseases whatsoever. It’s not reality, but that culture’s belief.
But, whether it represents reality as such, or, rather, the set of beliefs of a culture, many tend to think that not only fiction, but also news, reports, etc., tend to represent reality and nothing else.
However, that doesn’t seem to be the case. All those productions also influence people, in other words, not only do they (attempt to) portray reality; they are also creating reality.
When you see in a Simpsons episode that Lisa gets stuck in a refrigerator and catches a cold, it’s not only reflecting a belief, it’s also reinforcing it.
Take the typical anime stock character: the desperate unmarried woman in her late 20s or in her 30s.
Is it reflecting reality? Probably, but in Japan marriages are increasingly ocurring at a later age, similar to the West and any other developed society with people pursuing careers, etc, so it’s likely that their prominence in anime (and, I assume, other kinds of fiction in Japan) is once again cultural, but that’s not the point.
The point is that by showing that, they are also creating reality. Japanese people who know reality, that is, that it’s more and more common for people to remain unmarried for a long time, are also confronted with that, which obviously can make them see reality from another perspective.
In sum, anything, from fiction to news, not only is reporting what reality is like, it’s also creating reality. Drug abuse in American shows is not only reflecting a reality, it’s also informing people about drugs, making them aware of their existance when many people migh thave not even known about them, at least in such detail, becuase in their daily lives they aren’t involved with them.
From here, we can ask several questions.
Kids are given nowadays lots of details about drugs, which I don’t remember being given when I was their age. Will that make them more conscious against taking drugs, or, rather, more knowledgeable about them and therefore more eager to take them? Maybe not knowing much about them will make them appear too threatening and, above all, not part of their daily reality and experience? When we don’t know about something, we tend to fear and avoid it.
That in anime (notice, anime is not only meant for children) drugs are hardly ever present means that it’s just reflecting Japan’s reality, or rather is it also creating that reality by not making drugs something so familiar that it becomes part of your daily experience?
Are those who plan these things aware of it? Can’t it be like a teasing game? I tease you about it, but I tell you not to take drugs. French philosopher Foucault mentions something similar about sex during the 19th century - although in theory it was something to be avoided, they actually where obsessed about sex, always trying to describe new paraphilias or to know more about it, or to talk -in indirect ways- more about it. Just like that, it can be the case that those who are, in theory, against drugs and want to educate kids about it are actually teasing them and deriving some kind of pleasure from it.
Once at high school we had a debate about whether drugs should be legal or not. Why does a debate about whether tobacco should be unbanned in public spaces less likely to be held?
The same could apply to, for example, sex ed. To what extent (I’m not making any judgement about teenage sex, by the way, I’m talking thinking about the objectives of sex ed alone), is it accomplishing what educators say it will accomplish? Or could it be they aren’t actually even interested in that but rather derive pleasure from talking to kids about it?